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Objective
Little is known regarding overvaluation of weight or shape, a key cognitive feature of eating disorders, among individuals with disordered eating following bariatric surgery. This study examined the significance of overvaluation of weight or shape among post‐bariatric surgery patients with loss‐of‐control (LOC) eating.
Methods
Participants were 145 individuals who had undergone sleeve...
Objective
This study examined changes in body fat and diet among Tsimane’ forager‐horticulturalists and assessed how dietary shifts relate to increases in adiposity between 2002 and 2010.
Methods
Longitudinal anthropometric and household‐level dietary recall data from 365 men and 339 women aged ≥20 years in the Tsimane’ Amazonian Panel Study were used. Multilevel mixed‐effects models estimated...
Much attention has been focused on fats and carbohydrates as the nutritional causes of energy overconsumption and obesity. In 2003, a model of intake regulation was proposed in which the third macronutrient, protein, is not only involved but is a primary driver of calorie intake via its interactions with carbohydrates and fats. This model, called protein leverage, posits that the strong regulation...
The protein leverage model of obesity posits that decreasing the protein fraction of the diet leads to compensatory increases in total energy intake in an attempt to maintain a target amount of absolute protein consumed. The resulting increased energy intake thereby causes weight gain. According to food balance sheets published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, while...
Objective
This study examined the short‐ and long‐term effects of adding caloric restriction to 5 months of aerobic exercise training on executive function in sedentary older adults with obesity.
Methods
Sedentary adults with obesity aged 65 to 79 years completed a randomized trial investigating the cardiorespiratory benefits of adding moderate (~ 250 kcal) or high (~ 600 kcal) caloric restriction...
Objective
This study evaluated the safety of percutaneous CT‐guided cryoablation of the vagus nerve (percutaneous cryovagotomy) in participants with class I or class II obesity.
Methods
The study was an open‐label, single‐group, prospective pilot investigation designed around safety‐related stopping criteria. Twenty participants with 30 > BMI > 37 underwent percutaneous cryovagotomy with...
Objective
A previous genome‐wide association study linked overexpression of an ATP‐binding cassette transporter, ABCC5, in humans with a susceptibility to developing type 2 diabetes with age. Specifically, ABCC5 gene overexpression was shown to be strongly associated with increased visceral fat mass and reduced peripheral insulin sensitivity. Currently, the role of ABCC5 in diabetes and obesity is...
Objective
Eating earlier in the daytime to align with circadian rhythms in metabolism enhances weight loss. However, it is unknown whether these benefits are mediated through increased energy expenditure or decreased food intake. Therefore, this study performed the first randomized trial to determine how meal timing affects 24‐hour energy metabolism when food intake and meal frequency are matched...
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate whether consistency in time of day that moderate‐ to vigorous‐intensity physical activity (MVPA) is performed relates to MVPA levels among successful weight loss maintainers in the National Weight Control Registry.
Methods
Participants (n = 375) reporting MVPA on ≥ 2 d/wk completed measures of temporal consistency in physical activity (PA) (> 50% of MVPA...
Objective
This study aimed to examine the prevalence of overvaluation of shape or weight in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults with binge‐eating disorder (BED) and to compare functioning correlates using a group of adults with bulimia nervosa (BN).
Methods
Participants included 207 respondents from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders...
Objective
Methionine restriction (MR) decreases inflammation and improves markers of metabolic disease in rodents. MR also increases hepatic and circulating concentrations of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). Emerging evidence has suggested that FGF21 exerts anti‐inflammatory effects. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of FGF21 in mediating the MR‐induced reduction in inflammation...
Objective
It was hypothesized that the presence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) at baseline predicts future conversion from the metabolically healthy (MH) to the metabolically unhealthy (MU) phenotype according to body fat mass.
Methods
A total of 22,551 Korean participants (13,601 men and 8,950 women) aged 18 to 78 years in the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study cohort were enrolled from...
Objective
Maternal overweight has been associated with increasing offspring birth weight, but epidemiological data on potential biological mechanisms are limited. This study aimed to examine whether steroid hormones mediate the association between maternal prepregnancy BMI (pre‐BMI) and birth weight.
Methods
This study involving 2,039 participants was conducted from an ongoing cohort study in Wuhan,...
Objective
The aim of this study was to characterize weight loss, treatment engagement, and weight control strategies utilized by African American, Hispanic, and non‐Hispanic white participants in the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) Intensive Lifestyle Intervention by racial/ethnic and sex subgroups.
Methods
Weight losses at 1, 4, and 8 years among 2,361 adults with obesity and type 2...
Objective
Adipocytokines are markers of fetal metabolism, but their association with childhood growth is unclear. This study examined associations of neonatal adipocytokines with longitudinal childhood adiposity measures in a prospective cohort of pregnant women and their children.
Methods
Leptin and adiponectin concentrations at delivery and children’s BMI z scores between age 4 weeks and 8 years...
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